Формування традиційного характеру середовища в історичних містах із відтворенням втрачених пам’яток на прикладі Одеси (Україна)

Abstract

Встановлено, що стан збереження традиційного характеру історичного середовища міста Одеси незадовільний. Наведено приклади будівництва дисонуючих будівель у центральному історичному ареалі міста та приклад формування Соборної площі Одеси з відтворенням втраченої пам’ятки.

Formation of traditional character of environment in historical cities with recreating of lost monuments is one of the important tasks of landmark protection industry. At the same time, the content of recreating lost objects of cultural heritage, attitude to recreated objects, understanding of the term “authentic” are still debatable. Throughout recent decades, the demolition of buildings on the territories with a special status for purposes of construction of new dissonant objects has been the main problem of historical cities in Ukraine, including Odesa. The absence of political will in the government of Ukraine and local authorities to preserve the cultural heritage for a current and future generations keeps having negative consequences on the part of forming the image of Ukraine in general as well as a unique port city Odesa in particular. The work suggests three principles which create the basis of attitude to the traditional character of the environment in historical cities with constant development: protection, recreating, formation. At the example of Odesa, the possible options of means of preserving the historical construction in general as well as the separate objects of cultural heritage are presented: preparation and approval of the proper research and development documentation regarding zoning of historical city; granting certain territories with the status of urban planning monuments; designing and approval of protection areas of the preserved objects of the cultural heritage, recreating the valuable lost objects of cultural heritage.