Підсистема збирання даних для кіберфізичної системи моніторингу агровиробництва та її верифікації

Abstract

Прийняття правильних керівних рішень у системі контролю агровиробництва великою мірою залежить від ступеня достовірності інформації про стан об’єктів довкілля. Особливого значення ці питання набувають під час моніторингу виробництва, яке передбачає вирощування продукції на екологічно чистих ґрунтах. Моніторинг параметрів ґрунтів повинен складатися із систематичних спостережень за їх станом, фіксування змін, їх оцінювання та керування. Одним із найважливіших завдань, що постало перед Україною сьогодні, є забезпечення сталого розвитку регіонів та стабільного економічного зростання на основі застосування інноваційних методів підвищення ефективності в різних галузях економіки, зокрема в системі агропромислового комплексу. Модернізування подібних систем управління повинно полягати у впровадженні інноваційних технологій на основі побудови кіберфізичних систем (КФС). З цією метою у статті розроблено конструкцію підсистеми збирання інформації для КФС моніторингу процесу агровиробництва зернових культур, відповідне програмне забезпечення та програму верифікації запропонованої підсистеми.

Acceptance of the correct decision in the agro-production control system to great extent depends on the degree of reliability of environmental information. These issues become quite important while monitoring production which involves the products cultivation on environmentally friendly soils. Monitoring of soil parameters includes the primary state, recording of changes, their evaluation and management. Important challenge for nowadays Ukraine seems to be ensuring the sustainable development of regions and stable economic growth through the application of innovative methods of improving economic efficiency mainly in agro-industrial complex. Modernization of measuring systems could be carried out by introducing innovative technologies based on cyber-physical systems. So, the design of gathering information subsystem for the CPS process monitoring, the corresponding software and the verification program of the proposed subsystem are developed. On the basis of the analysis of the existing state of such subsystems in the agricultural production, in particular soil control, it was established that generally accepted recommendations regarding the formation of soil structure parameters and their research methods for the operational provision of the requirements for the functioning of monitoring systems do not exist. Classical physical and chemical methods are generally implemented in laboratories and are unsuitable for field conditions. Therefore, the aim of current study is to develop the information subsystem for the CPS control of agricultural production as also the draft verification program for such system. In order to adapt the general structure of the CPS to the task of controlling the production of grain crops, it was subdivided into sub-tasks that are: preparation of agricultural lands for sowing; process of production (cultivation); the process of certification of products and so on. For each of the CPS levels, the structural elements undergo some modifications, and the unification of the requirements is ensured both at the level of the research object (soil, water, air, etc.) and in relation to the finished product (grain). In general, the main stages of this process are structured in order to construct the CPS for grain crops production. In order to solve this problem the subsystem is proposed that allows the rapid testing of open soil and responds instantly to changes in its parameters. Using the Wi-Fi module ESP8266 this subsystem remotely monitors the humidity and temperature of the ground in real time. Subsystem of collecting and transmitting information to CPS is characterized by the choice of a plurality of object parameters from the corresponding measuring arrays and databases. To implement proposed technology the particular cyberphysical system software is studied fit for production of grain crops. In the first stage of growing technology, namely, the location of grains in the crop, the user has to indicate the precursor for the crop that is planned for sowing. Next step is to obtain measurement information on humidity and soil temperature. Having worked out this information, the program gives the result on whether you can sow this culture. The following stages involve the adoption of decisions on the amount of fertilizer, the readiness of the grain crop to sow, and the calculation of the massive rate of seeding of grain crops. At the final stage, the CPS gives indication on how to properly harvest the grain crop, depending on its degree of readiness, by processing the data on the moisture content of the grain and the height of the stem height. Software has several view modes; each of them provides the separate stage of the program It can be implemented in smartphone with Android operating system. In order to minimize the risks of receiving inaccurate information in the monitoring system of agricultural production, the program for its verification is developed. The calibration interval for the proposed subsystem is calculated in 1.5 years.