Теоретичні засади та інституційне середовище розвитку медичного туризму в системі чинників попередження втрат людського капіталу

Abstract

Обґрунтовано посилення соціально-економічного значення інституційного середовища продуцентів медичних послуг в умовах зростання цінності якісних параметрів людського потенціалу. Описано передумови, які полегшили розв’язання на міжнародному рівні проблем із доступністю лікування. Вивчення підходів до сутності медичного туризму у вітчизняній та зарубіжній літературі дало змогу авторам розкрити власне трактування її змісту, показати видову структуру, визначити типологію потоків споживачів. Охарактеризовано інституційне середовище розвитку медичного туризму в Україні. Описано позитивні зрушення і проблеми становлення вітчизняної індустрії медичного туризму.

The strengthening of the socio-economic importance of the institutional environment of healthcare providers within the context of increasing the value of human potential quality parameters is justified in the article. The modern paradigm of medical treatment foresees putting the emphasis on internationalization and service market globalization, that are aimed at prevention of health capital loss. One of its consequences became the crystallization of highly profitable international business model, which unites the medical and the tourist activity. Based on the investigation of scientific materials within the scope of capitalized human potential and tourist studies, the authors have proven the urgency and importance of the new field of scientific research – the medical tourism. The background that has led to the significant relief in solving the problems of treatmnet availability on the international level was described. Among them: the rapid development of informational-communicational technologies, diversity of business-processes in the tourism field, improvement of transport infrastructure, development of logistics and medical services’ marketing. The approaches towards interpretation of medical tourism in the national and world literature were studied. This fact allowed the authors to explore their own understanding of the category “international medical tourism”, to schematically present its structure and interconnection with healthcare tourism. Besides, the typology of streams of the international medical tourism service consumers is investigated. The figures are presented, they indicate an increase of international medical tourism in the world. The geographical map of tourist destinations is investigated. The reasons for such destinations are explained. The institutional environment of the medical tourism development in Ukraine is outlined. New events that facilitate the development of national and international tourism, including the territory of Lviv region, are described. It is pointed out that the medical tourism industry in Ukraine is undergoing its development stage. Its institutional environment, being formed and developed, is facing numerous problems of national and international character. Their elimination will help to promote the image of Ukraine on the world stage as an active producer of services that combine the healthcare and tourism spheres.