Значення освіти для розвитку економіки знань та людського капіталу

Abstract

Проаналізовано основні чинники та умови становлення економіки знань, досліджено вплив наукового знання та освітнього рівня населення на формування суспільства знань та економічного зростання. Проаналізовано сучасний стан та проблеми галузей освіти та науки, обґрунтована необхідність збільшення інвестицій у ці сфери для нагромадження людського капіталу. Обґрунтовано проблеми управління знаннями працівників в організації. Визначено перешкоди на шляху ефективного створення системи менеджменту знань на підприємствах. Вказано напрями організації інфраструктури Е-знань, а саме: отримання підтримки вищого керівництва; залучення до процесу максимальної кількості працівників підприємства, забезпечення надійного інформаційного середовища, розуміння роботи і знань IP-мереж; організація навчання персоналу.

Main factors and conditions of knowledge-based economy formation are analyzed, the influence of scientific knowledge and population educational level on knowledge-based economy formation and economic growth is defined in the article. Modern state and problems of educational and scientific spheres are analyzed, the necessity of investment increase in spheres for human capital accumulation is determined. The problems of workers’ knowledge management in organization are curtained. The authors found out the obstacles on the way of effective knowledge management system creation of enterprises, indicated directions of Eknowledge infrastructure organization such as to get top management encouragement; to attract the maximal amount of workers of enterprise in a process, to provide a reliable informative environment, understanding of work and knowledge of IP networks; to organize personnel studying. Innovative development of the postindustrial economy possibilities in main part depends on quality of higher education, research institutes development, education availability for a population and life-long learning philosophy formation. E-knowledge development requires high quality of human resources that are formed on the basis of studies and proper scientific and technical level of higher education which provides the individual growth of personality and can be interpreted as a factor of population welfare increase and public progress. According to this aim it is necessary to conduct structural changes both on makro-, mikro- and individual levels, that would promote education modernization, take into account requirements of labour-market and individual necessities of human development. Such co-operation provides balance with an environment for the maximization of organization interests through four economic and ecologic mechanisms: distribution, cooperation, competition and evolution. Knowledge management means new knowledge creation its stimulation and purchase. For an enterprise it means a selection, treatment and accumulation of meaningful knowledge, from external and internal sources, its maintenance, classification (or distributing) and providing availability for all workers. Knowledge management system is the system which is built by an enterprise for introduction of knowledge management, supporting collection, storage, search, recreations, and also knowledge application. Thus, with the purpose of successful socio-economic transformation providing in direction of knowledge-based economy and human capital development public economic policy must realize a row of measures such as: development and financing of scientific industries as major resources of the economy growing; development of mechanism of insurance of innovative risks and risks of highly technological enterprises activity, development of venture business; development of regulator instruments of favorable tax treatment of innovative activity of enterprises; development of the educational crediting system and tax credits reception; private employment agencies stimulation development