Особливості євроінтеграційного процесу у Польщі: внутрішньополітичний та зовнішньополітичний виміри

Abstract

З’ясовано специфіку, основні етапи та динаміку процесу євроінтеграції у Польщі, досліджено суспільні перетворення всередині країни, а також участь Польщі у міжнародних організаціях різного рівня, як фактор прискорення євроінтеграції. This work describes specific features, basic stages, and dynamics of the eurointegration process of Poland. The objective of this research is to clarify peculiarities of the process of European integration of Poland, in particular, the analysis of the internal policy (which is converting of different spheres of public life aimed at compliance with the European standards) as well as foreign policy (diplomatic negotiations with the EU structures and participating in international organizations as a factor of European integration acceleration) constituents. The systemic and structural, comparative, and historical methods of research were used. It is determined that the way of European integration of Poland lasted about fifteen years. During this time, the state carried out the reforms practically in each sphere of public life in order to follow the Copenhagen criteria. As for the major events of this process, it is possible to include: the signing of the European Association Agreement in 1991 which launched the systematic dialogue between Poland and the EU and assisted social transformations in the country; the summit in Copenhagen in 1993 proclaimed that the states who signed the Agreement can become full-fledged members of the European Union meeting certain criteria; an official request for membership in the EU in 1994; launching of official negotiations between the parties in 1998; entering of the Republic of Poland the European Union in 2004. During the years of the integration Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth concentrated the efforts both on changes in the domestic policy of country (economic, judicial, institutional and other reforms) and on a collaboration of the regional same as the collaboration of international levels (participating in the Vyshegrad association, entering NATO, collaboration within the Weimar triangle etc). For Ukraine, the experience of joining the EU by our western neighbor, Poland, is extraordinarily topical, as the analysis of positive and negative moments of this process can accelerate affiliation with the Euroatlantic structures.