Первинний облік резервів на підприємствах

Abstract

Розкрито сутність документування резервів на підприємстві, узагальнено основні види первинних документів, якими оформляються операції з формування та використання резервів. Проаналізовано основні проблеми відображення в бухгалтерському обліку резервів та їх вплив на достовірність процесу документування на підприємстві. With a help of analysis was noticed that documentation of the transactions with the provisions of enterprises is imperfect. In practice, businesses are experiencing problems related to the lack of regulatory documents, which are necessary for the creation and use of specific reserves. The main source documents for accounting reserve is an accounting statement and calculations accounting. These documents are drawn up in any form and may not be adapted to the information needs of users. These primary documents can also cause doubt in recognition of the legality of costs upon the establishment of such reserves, because regulatory agencies require clear documentation of the formation of each type of reserve. Therefore, accountants often have problems in fact creating reserves, because the lack of standardized forms of documents that regulate every kind of reserve does not allow in legitimate way include them to the costs and feasibility of their formation is questionable. Comparing the tax accounting of reserves with their accounting we can conclude that the creation and reflection in accounting of almost all provided by law reserves are not stimulated by tax legislation. This determines the refusal of enterprises to form reserves and to reflect themin the accounting reports. Therefore, users of accounting reports receive false information about the enterprise. It was found that the process of documentation of reserves covers at least three: the decision on the formation the reserve, the implementation of the decision on creation the reserve, using the data in the accounting system. It was established that the documentation of reserves covers two aspects – economic and legal. It was determined that the design of new primary documents of accounting the reserves should take into account their (reserves) classification.